Deck Fastening Facts
1,200
LBS/Weld
450
LBS/Screw
36/7
HVHZ Pattern
Metal Deck Wind Uplift Resistance

Locked to Steel: Fastener Patterns That Hold

When hurricane winds try to rip a roof off, every weld and screw fights back. See the difference between attachment methods and why fastener spacing changes across the roof.

-65 psf Uplift
Capacity Per Fastener
1,200
Puddle Weld (lbs)
450
Screw (lbs)
Puddle Weld
Self-Drilling Screw
Fastener Type
Fastener Pattern
Simulation

Fastener Methods Compared

Each method has its place. Here is when to use each one.

Puddle Welds

800-1500 lbs

Arc spot welds that burn through the deck and fuse to the supporting steel beam.

  • Highest uplift capacity
  • Permanent connection
  • No loosening over time
  • Requires skilled welder
  • Needs special inspection

Self-Drilling Screws

300-600 lbs

Threaded fasteners that drill through deck and thread into supporting steel.

  • Fast installation
  • No special skills needed
  • Can be removed if needed
  • May need more fasteners
  • Can back out over time

Button Punches

200-400 lbs

Mechanical crimps that join deck sheets together at sidelaps (not to structure).

  • Joins sheets at sidelaps
  • Very fast to install
  • Used with other methods
  • Lower capacity than welds
  • For sidelaps only

Why Fastener Spacing Changes Across the Roof

Wind uplift is not the same everywhere. Corners and edges get hit harder.

Zone 3 2.5-3x Load
Zone 2 1.5-2x Load
Zone 2 1.5-2x Load
Zone 1 1x Load
Corner Zone (Zone 3) - Most fasteners
Edge Zone (Zone 2) - Extra fasteners
Field Zone (Zone 1) - Standard spacing

Metal Deck Attachment FAQs

Common questions from contractors about roof deck fastening

What is the best way to attach metal deck for hurricane wind loads?
Puddle welds (arc spot welds) provide the highest uplift resistance for metal deck attachment, typically 800-1500 lbs per weld depending on deck gauge and steel thickness. Screws offer easier installation with lower but still substantial capacity (300-600 lbs each). For Miami-Dade HVHZ, the attachment method must be specified by the engineer based on calculated wind uplift forces.
How many fasteners per sheet are required for metal deck?
Standard patterns range from 36/4 (fastener every flute at supports, every 4th at sidelaps) for low wind zones to 36/7 or more for high wind areas. In Miami-Dade HVHZ, corner and edge zones often require fasteners at every flute with additional intermediate fasteners. The pattern is determined by the uplift force at each roof zone calculated per ASCE 7.
What is the difference between puddle welds and screws for metal deck?
Puddle welds burn through the deck and fuse to the supporting steel, creating a permanent connection with high uplift capacity (800-1500 lbs per weld). Screws thread through the deck into the steel with moderate capacity (300-600 lbs per screw) and can be removed if needed. Welds are stronger but require skilled welders and special inspection; screws are faster but may need more fasteners to match weld capacity.
Do metal deck attachments need inspection in Miami-Dade?
Yes. Metal deck installation requires inspection in Miami-Dade County. Welded connections typically require special inspection by a certified welding inspector who verifies weld size, penetration, and pattern. Screw attachments require verification of proper installation torque and pattern compliance. The structural drawings must show the required fastener pattern and the inspector verifies field compliance.
What happens if metal deck fasteners are spaced too far apart?
If fasteners are spaced too far apart, the deck can fail in several ways: uplift between fasteners can cause the deck to flutter and fatigue, individual fasteners can be overloaded and pull through the deck, or the entire deck section can lift off during high winds. This is why corner and edge zones need closer spacing - wind uplift in these areas is 2-3x higher than in the field of the roof.

Calculate Your Roof Uplift Forces

Know exactly what fastener pattern you need. Get zone-by-zone uplift pressures for your project.

Calculate Roof Wind Loads